Osteoarthritis

Degenerative Joint Disease

Understanding Osteoarthritis: Symptoms, Diagnosis & Advanced Care

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis, characterized by progressive degeneration of articular cartilage, subchondral bone changes, and synovial inflammation. Unlike inflammatory arthritides, OA is primarily a degenerative disease resulting from mechanical stress and biochemical changes in the joint. Early diagnosis and targeted treatment are crucial to managing symptoms, preserving joint function, and improving quality of life. At IRIS Centre for Rheumatology, we offer world-class, patient-centric care for osteoarthritis using the latest advances in rheumatology and pain management.

Osteoarthritis affects millions worldwide, with prevalence increasing with age. It most commonly affects the knees, hips, hands, and spine. Risk factors include age, obesity, joint injury, repetitive stress, genetics, and female gender. At IRIS, our multidisciplinary team ensures comprehensive management from early diagnosis to long-term joint preservation strategies.

With our state-of-the-art musculoskeletal ultrasound, physiotherapy, and personalized treatment plans — including lifestyle modifications, medications, injections, and rehabilitation — we aim to reduce pain, improve function, slow disease progression, and enhance quality of life. Healing begins with expert care and compassion.

Common Symptoms of Osteoarthritis

OA symptoms typically develop gradually over years. Early recognition leads to better outcomes.

• Joint pain that worsens with activity and improves with rest
• Morning stiffness lasting less than 30 minutes
• Swelling and tenderness in affected joints
• Crepitus (grating sensation) with joint movement
• Bony enlargement (Heberden's nodes in hands, Bouchard's nodes)
• Reduced range of motion and joint instability